Labial	Coronal	Dorsal
Nasal	*m	*n	*ŋ
Stop	*p *b	*t *d	*k *g
Affricate		(*ts) (*dz)
Fricative		*s
Tap/Trill		*r
Approximant		*l	*j

	Front		Central	Back
Close	*i	*y		*u
Mid	*e		*ə
Open			*a
Diphthongs	*ai, *au, *əi

Sound Changes from Proto-Berlean to Old Berlean

• *t undergoes syllable-final glottal replacement: *t > ʔ
• Voiceless stops are realized as aspirated:
  • *p > pʰ, *t > tʰ, *ts > *tsʰ, *k > kʰ
• Vocalization of *l: *l > w
• Lateralization of *r: *r > l
• Debuccalization of *s in word-initial positions: *s > h /#_
  • This includes the reanalysis of *sN > hN as N̥ in MB:
    • *sm > *hm > m̥, *sn > *hn > n̥
  • In onset clusters with stops, *s > ∅ and the stops are realized as unaspirated and voiceless:
    • *sp > p, *st > t, *sk > k